This chapter, as part of a broader study on U.S. cheddar opportunities in 17 international markets, highlights Japan’s advanced cheese market with growing demand for cheddar and gouda. While tariffs protect domestic production, trade agreements have made imports more competitive, with the U.S. supplying 16% of total cheese imports in 2023. Driven by increasing per capita consumption and supply diversification needs, Japan offers stable opportunities for U.S. Cheddar-type cheeses as buyers seek high-quality, compliant products.